Simultaneous voltammetry detection of dopamine and uric acid in human serum and urine with a poly(procaterol hydrochloride) modified glassy carbon electrode.

In the present study, procaterol hydrochloride (ProH) was successfully electropolymerized onto a glass carbon electrode (GCE) with simply cyclic voltammetry scans to construct a poly(procaterol hydrochloride) (p-ProH) membrane modified electrode. Compared with the bare GCE, much higher oxidation peak current responses and better peak potentials separation could be obtained for the simultaneous oxidation of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA), owning to the excellent electrocatalytic ability of the p-ProH membrane. And it's based on that a square wave voltammetry (SWV) method was developed to selective and simultaneous measurement of DA and UA. Under the optimum conditions, the linear dependence of oxidation peak current on analyte concentrations were found to be 1.0-100 µmol/L and 2-100 µmol/L, giving detection limits of 0.3 µmol/L and 0.5 µmol/L for DA and UA, separately. The as prepared modified electrode shows simplicity in construction with the merits of good reproducibility, high stability, passable selectivity and nice sensitivity. Finally, the proposed p-ProH membrane modified electrode was successfully devoted to the detection of DA and UA in biological fluids such as human serum and urine with acceptable results.

A bifunctional Lewis acid induced cascade cyclization to the tricyclic core of ent-kaurenoids and its application to the formal synthesis of (±)-platensimycin.

A mild and efficient bifunctional Lewis acid induced cascade cyclization reaction has been developed for construction of the tricyclic core of ent-kaurenoids. With ZnBr(2) as the bifunctional Lewis acid, a series of substituted enones and dienes underwent cascade cyclization smoothly at room temperature and provided the tricyclic products in one pot with good yields (75-91%) and high diastereoselectivity. The cyclized product has been successfully employed for the formal synthesis of (±)-platensimycin.

A highly convergent cascade cyclization to cis-hydrindanes with all-carbon quaternary centers and its application in the synthesis of the aglycon of dendronobiloside A.

An efficient and versatile ZnBr(2)-catalyzed Diels-Alder/carbocyclization cascade reaction has been developed for construction of highly functionalized cis-hydrindanes (70-96% yields with high diastereoselectivity), and it has been successfully utilized in the synthesis of the aglycon of dendronobiloside A.